Euphorbia sp. (17) dalam Bahasa Indonesia klik di sini
Euphorbia sp. (17)


Source: Private document, 2022

Taxonomy
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Subphylum: Angiosperms
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Euphorbiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species: Euphrbia sp.

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Source: Private document, 2022

Morphology
Euphorbia sp. is an unknown or unidentified plants of euphorbia family (euphorbiaceae). Based on the observation in the field, this plant has a support rod with diameter 15 up to 25 cm, has branches that are 20 up to 50 cm long. The leaf margins of this plant is dentate and spaced about 2 cm each others. Each dentate is overgrown with thorns that are 0.5 cm long. These thorns are useful for protecting from wild animals. In addition, Nuryati (2011) mentions that the Euphorbiaceae family generally has a height of 2-6 m, a woody base, and many branches. In general, some types of euphorbia have toxic milky latex.

Distribution & Habitat
According to Govaerts (2016) the plant type euphorbiaceae is native to Sri Lanka which then spread to tropical countries in Asia, America, and West India also spread around the Pacific Ocean island. This plant is able to survive in dry conditions, heat, and during drought. This is because this plant is able to store water reserves well, so that during a long dry season or when the weather is hot, it can still survive

Potential
Euphorbiaceae is a plant that has many active compounds, such as alkaloid, tannin, and fenol (Sugumar et al., 2010). Rindit (2017) states that flavonoid and phenol compounds in plants are as antibacterial. Meanwhile, according to Vuong (2014) this type of plant contains phenol and terpenes which are useful for fight bacteria or as antibacterial..

Usability
Euphorbiaceae plant is known as an ornamental plant commonly found in the yard, and its sap has an economic value for some types of euphorbia (Schultes, 1987). According to Vasas & Hohman (2014), the natural compound of this plant has contributed greatly in the field of medicine. According to Cataluna & Rates (2015) this plant is used as a traditional medicine which is believed to be able to treat syphilis, asthma, cancer, stomach pain, skin diseases, and leprosy.

References
Schultes RE. 1987. Members of Euphorbiaceae in primitive and advanced societies. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 94, 79–95.

Vuong QV, Thanh DT, Bhuyan DJ, Goldsmith CD, Sadeghzadeh E, Scarlett CJ, Bowyer MC. (2014) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction conditions for euphol from the medicinal plant, Euphorbia tirucalli, using response surface methodology. Ind. Crops Prod. 2014, 63, 97–202.

Vasas A, Rédei D, Csupor D, Molnár J, Hohmann J. (2012). Diterpenes from European Euphorbia species serving as prototypes for natural-product-base drug discovery. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2012, 5115–5130.

Cataluna P, Rates S. (2015). The Traditional Use of the Latex From Euphorbia tirucalli Linnaeus (Euphorbiaceae) in the Treatment of Cancer in South Brazil.

Singh B., Dutt N., Kumar D., Singh S., and Mahajan R., (2011). Taxonomy, Ethnobotany and Antimicrobial Activity of Croton bonplandianum, Euphorbia hirta and Phyllanthus franternus. Journa of Advance in Developmwntal Research